二十世纪五十年代文化馆动员功能研究——以北京市东城区文化馆为例

On Political Mobilization of the Culture Centre in 1950s——Taking Cultural Centre in Dongcheng District,Beijing as an Example

文化馆是政府开办的教育、宣传和娱乐机构。20世纪50年代,为了动员城市民众参与各种政治运动,政府以文化馆为阵地,做了大量的宣传、教育、鼓动工作。以北京市东城区文化馆为例,该馆通过诉苦大会、街头演讲、政治报告等多种方式,迅速地调动和激发了市民的情绪。尽管各阶层市民的参与状况有所不同,整体上看,文化馆在政治动员方面取得了较好的效果,但也折射出政治运动逐渐频繁化和常态化的趋势。

The culture centre is the organization of education, propaganda and entertainment sponsored by the government. In 1950s, in order to mobilize the civil people to participate in the political activities, based on cul- ture centre and supported by culture station, Beijing municipal government did a majority work of propaganda, education, and inspiration. In the means of repeated confession meetings, street pep talks, and political reports, the culture centre rapidly motivated and stimulated the people＇ s emotions. Although there were differences in the participation among different civil classes, overall, the culture centre achieved the good effect, but also reflected that political activities were gradually more frequent and common.