可用于裸露岩石边坡的四种绿化新方法

Four New Greening Methods for Bare Rock Slope

随着我国经济建设的蓬勃发展,在交通、水利、矿山、城镇等基础设施建设中,开挖出大量裸露的岩石边坡。植被护坡是指用活的植物与工程措施结合,以防止岩石坡面风化剥落的技术与手段,具有绿化边坡、美化环境的作用,但由于岩石边坡缺少植物生长的土壤条件、养分条件、水分条件且坡度一般较大,现有绿化方法仍存在诸多不足。鉴于边坡绿化技术的现状及国内大规模工程建设的需求,提出了自动浸灌、自灌式植草、自渗水植生带和活木桩-生态袋等4种绿化方法(均已获得国家专利授权)。自动浸灌技术针对坡面降水无法保留储存的问题,采用预先将上层土壤的大气降水和下层土壤的地下水吸收,变成束缚水储存起来,而后能长时间供给植物,解决植物生长对水分需求的问题;自灌式植草方法采用自灌系统,将坡面降水收集利用,提高了植物的存活率和抗旱能力,降低了后期维护成本;自渗水植生带采取在坡顶修建蓄水池,利用植生带的吸水性,自动进行渗水灌溉;活木桩-生态袋组合绿化方法解决了裸露的岩石边坡视觉、景观效果差的问题,将活木桩的景观作用与生态袋任意堆砌的优点结合起来,实现了岩石边坡的整体覆盖绿化。

With the rapid development of China＇s economy and construction, a large number of bare rock slope has been excavated in such as transportation, water conservancy, mines, towns and other infrastructure construction. Vegetation protection can realize slope greening and beautify the environment through a combination of plants and engineering measures hence prevent the rock slope surface from weathering and flaking. Due to the rock slope lack of plant growth conditions, such as soil, nutrient, water, and the slope is generally steeper, existing vegetation greening methods are still with many deficiencies. In view of the current situation for slope greening technology and the demand of the domestic large-scale engineering construction, four new greening methods are introduced in this paper, automatic irrigation, automatic irrigation planting groove, automatic irrigation green belt and live stakes-green bag （all have received national patents）. Automatic irrigation is aimed at rock slope can＇t store water, automatic irrigation can continue to supply water for plants by absorbing the atmosphere precipitation into bound water storage, and solve the problem of plants water needs; automatic irrigationplanting groove has the automatic irrigation to absorb the rock slope rainfall, improve survival and drought resistance of plants, and reduce maintenance costs later; automatic irrigation green belt has reservoirs in the top of rock slope, can automatic irrigate through the water absorption of green belt; live stakes-green bag has solved the problem of poor landscape of bare rock slope, it has combined the landscape of live stakes with the advantages of green bag and achieved the overall coverage of rock slope greening.