花生衣中天然产物的制备与分析研究

High valued development and utilization of peanut red skin resources

以花生红衣为原料,利用超声波提取法从花生红衣中提取花生红衣素,最佳工艺条件为:乙醇体积分数为60%,提取温度为50℃,提取时间为20 min,料液比为1:12。花生红衣素中白藜芦醇含量达到0.034%,后经AB-8大孔树脂对花生红衣提取物进行初步提纯,黄酮类色素富集现象明显,多酚类物质白藜芦醇含量则高达0.72%。从花生红衣中提取的脂肪酸有7种,分别为油酸(41.84%)、亚油酸(34.75%)、软脂酸(14.14%)、山嵛酸(3.45%)、硬脂酸(3.35%)、花生酸(1.44%)、顺-11-二十烯酸(1.03%)。7种脂肪酸中不饱和的有3种,总含量占77.45%;饱和的有4种,占22.55%。研究结果可为合理有效地利用花生红衣资源、构建农业固体废弃物资源利用的绿色模式提供依据。

In this article, the optimal condition for ultrasonic extraction to extract peanuts red skin pigment from the peanut coat was that the volume fraction of ethanol was 60%, extraction temperature was 50 ℃, extraction time was 20 min and solid to liquid ratio was 1：12. By using the vacuum freeze-drying method, the resveratrol content from the obtained peanut red skin powder was up to 0.034%. AB-8 macroporous resin can extract the peanut red skin as preliminary purification, the flavonoid pigment has an enrichment phenomenon and the polyphenols resveratrol content can reach as high as 0.72%. There were seven kinds of fatty acids extracted from the peanut red skin. They＇re oleic acid（41.84%）, linoleic acid（34.75%）, palmitic acid（14.14%）, behenate（3.45%）, stearic acid（3.35%）, arachidic acid（1.44%） and cis-11-Twenty acid（1.03%）. The contents of Oleic acid, linoleic acid and palmitic acid were significantly higher than the other, accounted for the top three. There were three kinds of unsaturated fatty acids and four saturated fatty acids respectively. The unsaturated fatty acids content was 77.45% and the saturated was 22.55%. This article provides a valuable reference as a reasonably effective use of the resources of peanut, and to build the green mode of agricultural solid waste resource utilization.