年轻恒牙外伤儿童心理行为问题研究

A psychological behavior problem detection of children with permanent tooth injury

目的 探讨儿童牙外伤与儿童心理行为特征的相关性,为儿童牙外伤的预防、治疗提供依据.方法 采用病例对照研究的方法对7～11岁儿童及其家长进行问卷调查.随机选取牙外伤儿童（外伤组）和正常儿童（对照组）各57例,家长完成Achenbach儿童行为量表（家长用表）（CBCL）,儿童完成艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）.结果 （1）外伤组儿童CBCL平均得分[（32.51±20.41）分]和EPQ的P（psychoticism）、N（neuroticism）分量表得分[（44.72±11.67）分]、[（48.05±12.39）分]高于对照组[CBCL（17.19±11.67）分,P（37.64±8.17）分,N（41.40±8.78）分],差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.（2）外伤组行为问题检出率为33.33％,高于对照组的7.02％ （P＜0.01）,OR值6.63,95％ CI为2.09～21.05.外伤组男、女童各因子得分的中位数分别有7个（抑郁、社交退缩、多动、违纪、攻击性、强迫性和交往不良）和3个（抑郁、社交退缩和攻击性）高于对照组（P＜0.05）.（3）外伤组中,男童在分裂样因子的得分中位数高于女童（P＜0.01）,其危险因子为抑郁（OR=0.529,95％CI=0.292～0.959）、社交退缩（OR=2.274,95％ CI=1.311 ～3.944）、多动（OR=0.426,95％ CI=0.213～0.852）和攻击性（OR=0.644,95％ CI=0.459 ～ 0.903）（P＜0.05）.女童在抑郁因子的得分中位数高于男童（P＜0.05）,其危险因子为抑郁（OR=0.573,95％ CI=0.357～ 0.919）（P＜0.05）.结论 儿童牙外伤的发生与其心理行为特征存在一定的相关性.

Objective To explore the relationship between dental trauma for children and their psychological behavior characteristics.Methods By using the method of case-control study,7-11 years of age children accepting oral health examination in our department were asked to fill in the questionnaire.The children without dental trauma were selected as the control group and the children with permanent tooth injury were selected as the injury group.Each group has 57 cases.All children finished the Eysenck personality questionnaire （EPQ） and their parents finished the Achenbach child behavior capacity list （CBCL）.Results （1） The average CBCL score （32.51±20.41） and scores of P and N branch capacity lists in EPQ （44.72± 11.67,48.05± 12.39） of the injury group were all higher than those of the control group （17.19± 11.67,37.64± 8.17,41.40± 8.78） （P〈0.01）.（2） The detecting rate of behavior problems in injury group was also higher than that of the control group （33.33%,7.02%,P〈0.01）,OR=6.63,95% CI =2.09-21.05.Boys of the injury group had higher scores than those in the control group in seven factors （depression,social withdrawn,restlessness,violation of discipline,attack,compel and social problems） （P〈0.05）,and girls of the injury group also had higher scores than those in the control group did in three factors （depression,social withdrawn and attack） （P〈0.05）.（3） In the injury group,boys had higher scores in the factor of schizoid anxiety than girls did （P〈0.01）,risk factors were depression （OR=0.529,95% CI =0.292-0.959）,social withdrawn （OR=2.274,95% CI =1.311-3.944）,restlessness （OR=0.426,95% CI =0.213-0.852）,violation of discipline （OR=0.426,95% CI =0.213-0.852） and attack （OR=0.644,95% CI =0.459-0.903）.However,girls had higher scores in the factor of depression than boys （P〈0.05）,their risk factor was depression （OR=0.573,95% CI =0.357-0.919）.Conclusion There is a certain correlation between tooth injury and their psychological behavior characteristics of children.