不同行为激活类型个体决策加工策略研究

Research on the decision-making process of individuals with different types of behavioral activation

目的 研究不同行为激活（BAS）类型个体不确定性决策加工策略的模式.方法 根据行为抑制/激活系统量表得分情况将正常被试分为BAS低分组（27例）、中分组（32例）、高分组（26例）.各组均在自编的E-Prime程序上进行3种类型（低风险、高风险和含糊）的决策任务,同时记录赢利、选择偏好、决策策略得分.结果 低风险决策情景下,BAS低、中、高三组赢利得分差异有统计学意义[低分组：（54.00± 8.15）分;中分组：（32.63±8.94）分;高分组：（27.69±12.12）分;F=2.240,P＜0.05].三组选择偏好得分比较均差异无统计学意义（F=0.759～ 2.926,P＞0.05）.低风险决策情景下,三组保持策略得分差异有统计学意义（低分组＞中、高分组,F=3.107,P＜0.05）,转换策略得分差异有统计学意义（中、高分组＞低分组,F=2.309,P＜0.05）;余决策情景下,均差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.放弃策略得分比较差异无统计学意义（F=0.629～1.635,P＞0.05）.结论 低BAS个体在低风险决策任务下更加容易盈利;中、高BAS个体较低BAS个体在低风险决策任务下更加容易改变决策策略.

Objective To explore the decision-making process in different types of behavioral activation （BAS） individuals.Methods According to the behavioral inhibition/activation system scales of China,27 low BAS,32 moderate BAS and 26 high BAS individuals were enrolled.Three different kinds of decision tasks （low-risk,high-risk and ambiguity） were programmed with E-Prime,at the same time recorded the scores of earnings,preference selection,decision-making strategy.Results Under low-risk decision,there was significant differences among low,moderate and high BAS groups （low BAS group（54.00±8.15）,moderate BAS group（32.63±8.94）,high BAS group（27.69±12.12）,F=2.240,P〈0.05）.There was no significant difference in the three groups on preference selection （F=0.759-2.926,P〉 0.05）.Under low-risk decision,there were significant differences on stay strategy （low BAS〉moderate BAS,high BAS group,F=3.107,P〈0.05） and shift strategy（moderate BAS,high BAS〉low BAS group,F=2.309,P〈0.05）.There was no statistically significant difference on quit strategy in the three groups （F=0.629-1.635,P〉0.05）.Conclusion Under the low-risk decision-making,low BAS individuals are easier to get more earnings.Moderate and high BAS individuals are easier to change the decision-making strategy than low BAS individuals.