舟山市2005-2013年法定传染病疫情分析

Analysis of notifiable infectious diseases in Zhoushan city from 2005 to 2013

目的了解舟山市法定传染病发病情况，分析甲乙丙类法定传染病的流行趋势，为制定防控策略提供依据。方法对2005-2013年舟山市法定传染病的疫情资料进行描述，采用趋势χ2检验，分析不同年份发病趋势。结果2005-2013年舟山市共报告甲乙丙类法定传染病19种，累计发病45251例，年均发病率为455．91／10万，发病率总体呈下降趋势（χ2趋=336．89，P〈0．01）。2005-2013年，全市仅2005年报告2例霍乱病例，无其他甲类传染病报告；乙类传染病年均发病率319．23／10万，呈下降趋势钟≈镕=952．23，P〈0．01）；丙类法定传染病年均发病率136．66／10万呈波动性上升趋势（χ2趋=187．03，P〈0．01），主要病种为其他感染性腹泻、手足口病和流感。血源及性传播传染病占乙类传染病发病总数的74．55％。呼吸道、肠道传染病2005-2013年下降趋势明显（χ2趋=240．63、877．51，P〈0．01）。结论舟山市法定传染病总体发病率呈下降趋势．其中丙类呈上升趋势．今后应重点加强对血源及性传播疾病的控制，并关注手足口病和流感等聚集性疫情的防控。

Objective To analyze the incidence of notifiable infectious diseases and explore the trend of category A, B and C of infectious diseases in Zhoushan city, and provide basis for formulating prevention measures. Methods Describing the notifiable infectious disease in Zhoushan from 2005 to 2013 and analyzing the trend of infectious diseases in different year by chi-square analysis. Results Nineteen kinds of notifiable infectious diseases classified into category A, B and C were reported in 2005-2013. The cumulative cases were 45 251 on an accumulative basis, with an average annual incidence rate of 455.91/100 000. The incidence rate showed an overall downward trend （χ2trend=336.89, P〈0.01）. From 2005 to 2013, there were only 2 cases of cholera in 2005, and no other category A infectious disease reported. The average annual incidence rate of category B infectious diseases was 319.23/100 000 showed an overall downward trend （χ2trend=952.23, P〈0.05）, and that of category C infectious diseases was 136.66/100 000 showed an upward trend generally （χ2trend=187.03, P〈0.01） of which the main diseases were other infectious diarrhea, HFMD and influenza. The majority of category B infectious disease cases were blood-borne and sexually transmitted diseases which accounted for 74.55%. Respiratory and intestinal infectious diseases showed a downward tendency in 2005-2013 （χ2trend=240.63 and 877.51, P〈0.01 ）. Conclusions The incidence of total notifiable infectious diseases basically shows a downturn trend, B infectious diseases decrease while C infectious diseases increase obviously in Zhoushan. Prevention and control of blood-borne and sexually transmitted diseases should be strengthened. At the same time, we should pay attention to prevent and control the clustering outbreaks of HFMD and influenza.