民国时期川东北灾荒述论

Overview of Famine in Northeast Sichuan during the Republic of China

灾荒是一个关系政治、经济和社会的重大问题。民国时期川东北的旱灾、水灾、滑坡、泥石流等灾害较为严重,灾荒发生较为频繁,且发生范围较广,给人民生命、社会生产造成极大危害。在政治腐败、人民穷苦的大背景下,政府救灾存在赈灾费用少、无视灾情、救灾不及时、赈灾投机多等不足,整体上救灾水平较低,而民间赈灾能力极为有限,杯水车薪,无法挽救全局。

Natural disasters create big pohtical, economic and social problems. Durmg me reign of the Republic of China, disasters like drought, flood, landslide, and debris flow were serious in the northeast of Sichuan. Famine was frequent and covered a large part of the area, which greatly endangered human lives and social productivity. In the context of political corruption and people＇s destitution, there were many problems with the government disaster relief efforts such as lack of funds, negligence of the damage, delay in relief, and fraudulence. The whole level of disaster relief was low, and the nongovernmental relief efforts were limited, resulting in little amelioration of the situations.