CO_2/N_2开关型脒基表面活性剂软模板制备介孔二氧化硅

Synthesis of mesoporous silica using CO_2/N_2 switchable surfactant as soft templates

模板法是制备介孔Si O2的常用方法之一,而模板法通常需要脱除模板后才能得到介孔结构。以传统表面活性剂为模板合成介孔二氧化硅,除模板方法还有高温焙烧、溶剂萃取等,但这些方法均存在一定的缺点,如导致结构坍塌、消耗大量溶剂等。本文采用开关型表面活性剂N'-十二烷基-N,N-二甲基乙基脒碳酸氢盐为模板剂,以正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)为硅源在碱性条件下合成Si O2。与常规除模板法不同,本实验在反应结束后加热并通入N2使表面活性剂分解失去表面活性,用水和丙酮洗涤后得到了形貌规整、孔道有序、具有较高比表面积和孔容的介孔Si O2。同时还研究了有机盐乙二胺四乙酸二钠(Na2EDTA)对介孔有序度、所得介孔材料比表面积、孔容孔径和模板残留量的影响。

Template method is used widely to synthesize mesoporous silica. However,the mesoporous structure can be obtained only after the templates are removed. Calcination,solvent extraction etc. are frequently used to remove conventional surfactant templates. However,these template removal methods could bring problems such as resulting structure collapse or massive consumption of solvent. In this paper,we synthesized silica using switchable surfactant of N＇-dodecyl-N,N-dimethylacetamidinium bicarbonate as templates and tetraethoxysilane（TEOS） as silicon source in alkaline solution. Compared to conventional template removal method,the switchable surfactants decomposed and lost its surface activity by heating the mixture together with N2 injection when the reaction was completed. Mesoporous silica with uniform morphology,ordered mesopore,large specific surface area and pore volume was then obtained after washed with water and acetone. The effect of Na2 EDTA on the order of mesopore,specific surface area,pore volume,size of pore and templates residue was discussed.