湿法烟气脱硫技术及运行经济性分析

Application and running economic analysis of wet flue gas desulfurization technology

随着我国经济快速发展,煤炭、石油等化石燃料消耗持续增长,雾霾天气频繁出现,酸雨区域面积不断扩大。针对二氧化硫排放对环境生态的压力徒增的现状,本文简要介绍了干法、半干法和湿法烟气脱硫技术工艺及其优缺点,讨论了石灰石-石膏法、钠碱法、氨法、镁法、有机胺法、海水法、磷矿浆法等湿法烟气脱硫技术的优缺点,重点阐述了新型磷矿浆脱硫法及其脱硫机理,比较了不同湿法脱硫技术的特点和应用范围,进行了磷矿浆与钠法、石灰石-石膏法与镁法湿法烟气脱硫技术经济性分析。分析表明,磷矿浆湿法烟气脱硫运行成本最低,其回收的二氧化硫催化氧化为硫酸后进入磷化工产业链,替代了部分硫酸原料,无副产物,没有二次污染,适用于具有磷矿生产的企业和园区。该技术原理可以推广到湿法冶金企业。

With the rapid development of Chinese economy,the fossil fuel consumption,such as coal,petroleum,etc.,is increasing continually so that the haze appears frequently and the areas of acid rain continue to expand. A large amount of sulfur dioxide emissions have led to the current situation that the pressure on the environment has intensified. This paper briefly introduces the technologies of dry,semi dry and wet flue gas desulfurization and their advantages and disadvantages. Advantages and disadvantages of different wet flue gas desulfurization methods,such as limestone-gypsum method,sodium alkali method,ammonia method,magnesium method,organic amine method,sea water method,phosphate rock slurry method were discussed. The main aim of this paper is to elaborate the new phosphate rock slurry method and its desulfurization mechanism as well as comparing the characteristics and application range of different wet desulphurization technologies. Through economic analysis of phosphate rock slurry and sodium alkali method,limestone-gypsum and magnesium method wet flue gas desulfurization technology,the running cost of phosphate rock slurry wet flue gas desulfurization technology is the lowest among those technologies. The recovery of sulfur dioxide becomes sulfuric acid by catalytic oxidation,getting into phosphorus chemical industry chain and replacing some of the sulfuric acid. The method has no by-products and no secondary pollution and is suitable for enterprises and parks with phosphate rock production. The principle of phosphate rock slurry wet flue gas desulfurization technology can be extended to the wet metallurgical enterprises.