渐进成形气动平衡装置设计

Design of pneumatic balancing device for incremental forming

介绍了板材数控渐进成形的特点和优势,以及典型渐进成形方法,介绍了板料托架的作用和种类。在加工小尺寸板材零件时,只需要简单工装便可实现正成形(两点渐进成形);而对于中、大型覆盖件则需要精度较高的板料托架来保证工件的成形质量。受气动平衡思想启发,提出一种新型气缸浮动式板料托架,分析了该结构的合理性,设计了独有的气路系统,计算了由于板料托架下降引起的压力上升,并推导出既满足正成形要求又适合生产的储气罐容积计算公式。阐述了气动平衡装置的实施方案,得出能够进行正成形的气压条件,并进行了正成形试验,检验了气动平衡托架的成形效果。

It was introduced the characteristics and advantages of NC incremental sheet forming, and the typical incremental forming methods were listed. Then, the role of the sheet bracket was described, and the types of sheet metal bracket were listed. When the small-size sheet metal parts were made, the positive forming could be easily realized by some simple fixtures （two points incremental forming）. However, for medium and large panels, higher precision sheet metal bracket was needed to ensure the quality of the workpiece forming. Inspired by the idea of pneumatic balancing, a new kind of sheet metal bracket with air cylinder floating was designed. Further, the rationality of the structure was analyzed, and a unique pneumatic system was designed. The value of pressure increasing caused by dropping of sheet metal bracket was calculated, and a formula of calculating storage volume was deduced to meet the requirements of positive incremental forming and industrial production. By describing the implementation plan of the pneumatic balancing device, the condition of pneumatic pressure for the positive incremental forming was obtained. The positive forming experiment was tested, and the forming effect of pneumatic balance bracket was confirmed.