贵州八寨黑苗“马郎房底好姻缘”历时辩证

Topic Differentiation and Analyzes of "the Good Marry in Ma Lang House" of Guizhou Eight Zhai Black Miao National Minority

"马郎房"是代表苗族婚恋文化的俗语词。清代舒位在《黔苗竹枝词》中用"马郎房底好姻缘"的诗句对苗族自由婚恋习俗加以歌咏。但是在清代民国时期,这种自由婚恋只是一种假象。当今时代,贵州"八寨黑苗"民族青年男女婚恋有着自己的模式和规范,保存了许多原始的婚姻习俗又有所发展,是苗族文化的一大特色。从文献学与民俗学入手,结合田野调查,对"马郎房底好姻缘"进行历时分析和辩证。

Ma Lang house is common word which indicate marriage culture of Miao National Minority. Shu Wei described the marriage customs of the Black Miao National Minority used verse＂The good marry in Ma Lang house＂. There are many Local literature records during the period of the Qing Dynasty and Min Guo.But at that time,this customs of free marriage only is illusion.Nowadays, young people of Eight Zhai Black Miao National Minority have their Pattern and specification for marry,and keep many Original marriage customs,they are unique feature in Miao National Minority culture.This paper will discriminate ＂the good marry in Ma Lang house＂from literature records and folklore.