社会网络视角下黑龙江省城市旅游经济联系的空间结构和空间发展模式研究

Research on the Spatial Structure and Spatial Development Patterns of Urban Tourism Economic Connections of Heilongjiang Province-Focus on the Perspective of Social Network

基于引力模型获取黑龙江省12个地级市的旅游经济联系度作为基础数据,采用社会网络理论与方法,借助Ucinet6.0软件构建旅游经济联系的空间结构评价指标和模型,通过节点的中心度、结构洞和网络的密度、中心势、核心-边缘模型、角色划分来探讨空间结构特征,最终构建旅游地的空间等级体系和空间发展模式。结果表明：1 2007~2012年,黑龙江省城市旅游经济联系网络呈现出西南部、东南部密集,北部、东北部稀疏的格局。网络密度、度数中心度、接近中心度增长,而重点城市的中间中心度与结构洞水平下降,更多节点在网络中占据较多的结构洞位置,发挥了相应的核心作用。网络空间结构逐渐由松散走向紧密状态,由不均衡趋于均衡。2网络中存在明显的核心区与边缘区,并细分为4个角色群体以定位城市节点的地位及属性。3黑龙江省城市旅游地可划分为核心旅游地、重要旅游地、一般旅游地和边缘旅游地4个等级,网络空间呈现出＂一核、两翼、三轴三圈＂的发展模式。

Based on the gravity model, using social network theory and methods, with ucinet6.0 software architecture spatial structure model and tourism economic connections evaluation, this article analyzes the tourism economic connection degree of 12 prefecture-level cities in Heilongjiang Province, discusses the features of spatial structure through centrality of node, structural holes, network density, centralization, core-periphery model, and the role of division, eventually builds a the hierarchical structure and spatial development patterns of the tourism destination. The results showed that： 1） tourism economic connection network of cities in Heilongjiang is intensive in southwest and southeast while sparse in north and northeast in 2007-2012. Network density, degree centrality and close to the center turn to grow, but the level of structural holes and betweeness centrality of major cities fell, and more nodes occupied more structural holes in the network. Cyberspace structure turns gradually from a loose state to close one, and from unbalanced development to balanced one. 2） Cyberspace includes an obvious structural core area and an edge area, which is subdivided into 4 groups to clarify the role of urban node status and property. 3） Tourism in cities of Heilongjiang can be divided into four levels：the core tourist destination, major tourist destination, general tourist destination and periphery tourist destination, showing the spatial structure of the network with a development model of ＂a core, two wings, three axes and three circles＂.