论自然主义在美国文学中的传承与发展

On Continuity and Development of Naturalism in American Literature

美国文学中的自然主义受法国自然主义的影响,但又不是欧洲自然主义的简单移植,而是与美国的社会、经济相结合的产物。它兴起并活跃于19-20世纪之交的美国文坛,并在20世纪的文学与文化中得到传承和发展。美国自然主义文学作品反映了现代美国生活各个历史阶段的主题,是理解美国经济生活与大众文化的经典文学表征。

Naturalism, with its new writing technique and new way of thinking, exercises a significant influence upon the development of American Literature. Deeply rooted in specific social and economic backgrounds, American Literary naturalism has its own distinctive features although it remains much indebted to European naturalist tradition. It is first felt in American literary scene at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries and developed continuously through the 20th century in different guises. American literary works are a faithful reflection of American society of different periods and a key in understanding better American life and culture.