玉米皮载体阴离子添加剂对干奶牛作用效果研究

Study on the effect of the preparation of anionic additive with corn gluten as a carrier on dry cows

通过比较以玉米皮为载体配制阴离子添加剂与成品阴离子添加剂对干奶牛作用效果,探讨玉米皮作为阴离子添加剂载体可行性。采用单因素随机区组试验设计,将60头产前21 d健康荷斯坦奶牛随机分为3组,分别饲喂：对照组（A组）：不含阴离子添加剂TMR;试验I组（B组）：TMR＋3%阴离子添加剂（干奶宝HRBYD-902）;试验Ⅱ组（C组）：TMR＋3%阴离子添加剂（以玉米皮为载体阴离子添加剂）。结果表明,饲喂初期,试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组日平均干物质采食量（DMI）显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）,随饲喂天数增加试验组与对照组之间差异逐渐变小,且试验I组与Ⅱ组间差异不显著（P〉0.05）。整个试验期对照组奶牛尿液p H稳定在7~8,饲喂第1周,两试验组奶牛尿液p H与对照组相比显著下降（P〈0.05）,并于饲喂第2周、第3周p H稳定在6左右。产犊当天,试验Ⅰ组与试验Ⅱ组奶牛血清Ca2＋浓度显著高于对照组,试验Ⅱ组略高于Ⅰ组,但差异不显著（P〉0.05）。试验Ⅱ组奶牛产后胎衣不下概率由30%降到0,乳房炎发生概率与对照组相比有所下降,且预防奶牛产后疾病方面效果好于试验I组。结果显示,饲喂玉米皮为载体阴离子添加剂可在保证奶牛DMI基础上降低奶牛尿液p H,提高奶牛产犊前后血清Ca2＋浓度并降低产后胎衣不下及乳房炎发生概率。因此,玉米皮可作为阴离子添加剂载体使用。

The present study was conducted to compare the effect between the anion additive with corn gluten as the carrier and the commodity anion additives to determine that if the corn gluten can as the carrier of anion additive. A single factor random block was used in this study. Sixty Holstein cows were fed with one of three diets： Control（diet A）： No anion additive TMR; Treatment group I（diet B）：TMR＋3% anion additive（GNB HRBYD-902）; Treatment group II（diet C）：TMR＋3% anion additive（the anionic additive with corn gluten as the carrier）. The results showed that during the early feeding, the two treatment groups had a lower dry matter intake（DMI） than the control（P0.05） and the difference between the treatment groups and the control was gradually reduced with the increase of feeding days,and there was no significantly difference between treatment group I and treatment group II（P0.05）.The urine p H of control were 7-8 during the whole experiment period, urine p H of treatment group I and treatment group Ⅱ was significantly reduced, compared with control in the first week（P0.05） and stabled around 6 in the second week and the third week. On the calving day, the two treatment groups had a higher serum calcium concentration than the control, the treatment group II was slightly higher than that in the group I, but the difference between the two groups was not significant（P0.05）. The incidence of retention of the afterbirth reduced from 30% to 0 and the incidence of mastitis declined in treatment group II, and the effect of treatment group II was better than treatment group I. These results indicated that corn gluten could be used as a carrier in anionic additives because of feeding the diet with it could significantly reduce the urine p H, increase the serum calcium concentration and decrease the incidence of retention of the afterbirth and mastitis.