残疾人心理发展问题及影响因素的质性研究

A Qualitative Study of Psychological Development Problems and Its Influencing Factors

为了解当前残疾人的心理健康状况,本研究采用访谈法对9名残疾人或残疾人工作者进行调查后发现残疾人存在一些典型的消极心理:如敏感、自卑及易挫等。影响残疾人心理健康的主要因素有:就业困难引起的焦虑、婚恋情感困惑、家庭环境的压力、出行不便造成的孤独感、缺乏自我认知所导致的自我否定和来自群体和社会的压力。据此提出改善残疾人心理健康的建议:要克服功能障碍,积极参与社会生活;引导残疾人亲属采取正确的教养方式;提升残疾人的社会支持水平。

To understand the current psychological health status of the disabled, nine subjects with disabilities or disabled workers were interviewed. The results showed tile presence of typical negative psychology for the disabled, such as being sensitive, inferi- or, easily frustrated and so on. And the main factors affecting mental health for the disabled are the anxiety caused by employment difficulty, marriage emotional confusion, the pressure from family environment, the loneliness caused by travel inconvenience, self-denial for the lack of self-knowledge, and the pressure from community and society. Accordingly we put forward the sugges- tions to improve the psychological health for the disabled： they should overcome their dysfunction and participate in social life actively, guide their family members to take the right parenting ways, and raise the level of their social support.