木薯渣对生长肥育猪饲用价值的研究

Study on Feed Value of Cassava Residue for Growing-Fishing Pigs

试验旨在研究木薯渣营养成分的表观消化率及其以不同比例替代日粮中玉米对生长肥育猪生长性能的影响。根据研究需要设计了2个试验。试验1：选用8头健康、体重（22.46±1.08）kg的杜×长×大三元杂交阉公猪作为试验动物,进行木薯渣养分消化试验。预试期10d,正试期5d。试验2：选择160头健康、体重（21.09±0.72）kg的杜×长×大三元杂交猪,随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复8头猪。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1~4组分别饲喂以5%、10%、15%和20%木薯渣替代基础日粮中玉米的试验日粮。预试期5d,正试期30d。结果表明,木薯渣中粗蛋白质和脂肪含量均较低,分别为2.73%和0.68%,而粗纤维含量却高达15.34%,总能含量为13.55 MJ/kg;氨基酸含量也较低,赖氨酸（Lys）含量为0.11%,苏氨酸（Thr）含量为0.08%;钙、磷表观消化率较低,分别为40.24%和34.76%,总能的表观消化率为65.62%;16种氨基酸中精氨酸（Arg）、谷氨酸（Glu）、酪氨酸（Tyr）、蛋氨酸（Met）、亮氨酸（Leu）和缬氨酸（Val）的表观消化率均高于80%;随着日粮中木薯渣添加比例增加,猪的平均日增重降低,其中添加15%和20%木薯渣组显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）,而添加5%和10%木薯渣组平均日增重与对照组相比均无显著差异（P〉0.05）;通过对饲料成本分析,添加木薯渣5%和10%组的每千克增重饲料成本比对照组分别降低了0.01和0.05元。综上所述,在本试验条件下,20~50kg生长育肥猪日粮中木薯渣的添加量以5%~10%为宜。

To determine the apparent digestibility of cassava residue（CR）nutrient and the effects of CR on growth performance when replaced the different levels corn in diet,two experiments were designed.In the first experiment,8 Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire crossbred barrow pigs with the similar weight（22.46kg±1.08kg）were chosen for determining the apparent digestibility of CR.The pre-test period lasted for 10 days,and the trial period lasted for 5days.In the second experiment,160 Duroc× Landrace× Yorkshire crossbred pigs with the similar weight（21.09kg±0.72kg）were randomly divided into five groups with four replicates per group and eight pigs per replicate.The control group was fed with basal diet while the experimental groups were fed diets containing 5%,10%,15%and 20%levels of substitution of corn by CR,respectively.The pre-test period lasted for 5days,and the trial period lasted for 30 days.The results showed that the content of CP and EE in CR were 2.73%and 0.68%,but CF and total energy were 15.34%and 13.55MJ/kg.The content of Lys and Thr were 0.11% and 0.08%,respectively.Calcium and phosphorus apparent digestibility were low,just only 40.24%and 34.76%,respectively,while apparent total energy digestibility was 65.62%.The apparent digestibility of Arg,Glu,Tyr,Met,Leu and Val were higher than 80%.The average daily gain was reduced with increasing dose of CR,which the group of 15%and 20%addition were significantly lower than that of control group（P〈0.05）.However,the average daily gain of 5%and 10% groups were no significant difference with the control group（P〈0.05）.The feed cost of 5% and 10% addition groups were decreased by 0.01 and 0.05 yuan.In conclusion,under this experimental condition,the appropriate addition of CR for growing-fishing pig（20to 50kg）was 5%to 10%in the diet.