小型汽车驾驶人“自学直考”面临的问题及对策——基于美国的经验及我国的现实选择

The Problem and Countermeasures of “Self-study and Direct Test”for Car Drivers in China——Based on American Experience and Practical Choice in China

我国实行小型汽车驾驶人"自学直考"制度可能面临教练员执业方式的变革与驾驶风险的承担、教练车的获取、学习场地和线路的设置、考试预约制度的设计等诸多问题。根据美国在相关领域的成熟经验以及我国当前的实际情况,我国小型汽车驾驶人考试制度改革的总体方向应当是:科目一的考试方式和难度基本维持不变;简化科目二考试内容;制定完善科目三考试评分细则,加强对科目三考试全过程的监督,提高科目三的考试难度。进一步推进考试预约制度改革也是"自学直考"制度得以落实的一个重要方面。在改革考试制度及考试预约制度的前提下,通过允许职业驾驶操作教练员独立执业、设立专门的保险制度转移学习驾驶的风险、允许租赁教练车和私人购买教练车以及放宽学习场地和线路的限制等措施来保障"自学"制度的贯彻落实。

There are many problems confronting China＇s ＂Self- study and Direct Test＂ for car drivers, such as practice ways of coaches, driving risk - taking, obtainment of coach cars, setting - up of learning field and routes, design of test reservation system, etc. Based on the comparison and analysis of the advanced experience of the United States and the current situation of China, it is suggested that China＇s car driving test system should be reformed in the following aspects： Firstly, the test mode and difficulty of Subject 1 should be kept unchangeable; Secondly, Simply the test of Subject 2 ; Thirdly, set up and improve scoring rules of Subject 3 test, strengthen the supervision of the process of Subject 3 test, and improve the difficulty of Subject 3 test. In addition, to further reform of test reservation system is also an important aspect in the implementation of ＂Self - study and Direct Test＂ system. On the conditions of reform of test system and test reservation system, through professional driving instructors＇ independent practice, risk transfer of driving learning by setting up dedicated insurance system, coach car rental and private coach car＇s purchase, as well as relaxed restrictions on learning field and routes, the ＂Self- study and Direct Test＂ system can be put in place in a proper way.