《红楼梦》汉英平行语料库中含“老”称谓语及其翻译

Address Terms with the Character of " Lao" in ChineseEnglish Parallel Corpus of A Dream of Red Masions and Their Translation

运用语料库的技术方法和研究手段,统计分析了《红楼梦》后40回中的含"老"称谓语的特征,并从总体特征、高频词分析和与"old"的对译情况三方面探讨杨宪益、戴乃迭译本和霍克斯、闵福德译本的含"老"称谓语翻译。研究表明,两译文总体均采用了灵活多变的方式进行翻译,避免了用词的单一性。高频词和与"old"的对译情况表明杨译文多以直译为主的方式来保持对原文内容和形式的忠实,霍译文则优先考虑语境和称谓语的使用对象,注重灵活多变。两译文均高频使用人称代词进行简化翻译,而且多处采用省译。

By using corpus-based technique and research method, this paper analyzes the address terms with the Chinese character of ＂Lao＂ in the last 40 chapters in A Dream of Red Masions . It also explores the Yang Hsien-yi and Gladys Yang＇s version and Hawkes and Minford＇s version from three aspects, namely, the general characteristics, high frequency words and the use of English counterpart ＂old＂. The research shows that basically both versions are flexible in word selection to avoid monotony. Researches on high frequency words and the use of ＂old＂ in the two versions indicate that Yang Hsien-yi and Gladys Yang mainly adopted literal translation, making their version faithful to both form and content; while Hawkes and Minford gave priority to context and the communica- tors in their version to emphasize flexibility. Personal pronoun and omission were frequently used in both two versions to simplify the translation.