透过“文学终结”看文学的未来

Future of Literature: A View through the " End of Literature"

新世纪伊始,美国著名学者希利斯·米勒提出了"文学终结"论,在我国文学界掀起了轩然大波,赞同者有之,随声附和者有之,质疑的声音亦有之。"文学终结"论的提出,不只引发了中国学者对文学的思考与讨论,更让此观点的提出者希利斯·米勒陷入了困惑,一方面他认为电子传媒时代的到来,将对文学产生极大的冲击,文学将不复存在;另一方面他以自身的阅读经历为据,承认文学并未走向终结,它依旧有其独特的艺术魅力。米勒对待文学前后矛盾的态度促使我们重新审视文学,关注电子网络时代我国文学和文学研究所面临的挑战。在思考文学未来的发展走向时,意大利小说家卡尔维诺的《未来千年文学备忘录》说明了文学有其存在的特性和价值,启示人们以更积极的心态面对文学的现状、憧憬文学的未来。

At earlier this century, Hillis Miller＇s claim of ＂ End of Literature＂ arouse heat debate in Chinese literature circle. The theory not only inspired Chinese scholars＇ speculations and discussions, but also entrapped Miller himself in maze. On one side, he believes the coming e-media age will bring so great impact on literature production that it dies out; on the other side, based on his own reading experiences, he admits that literature does not meet its end. Miller＇s contradict attitude makes us re-examine literature and observe China＇s literature and literary studies in the internet age. In considering the future development of literature, we introduce Six Memons for the Next Millennium by Italo Calvino to show that literature has its inherent features and value, so as to encourage people face the situation of imagine the future of literature with more optimistic minds.