地质大数据的特点及其在成矿规律、成矿系列研究中的应用

Characteristics of Big Geodata and its application to study of minerogenetic regularity and minerogenetic series

进入21世纪以来,面对这一信息大爆炸的时代(即"大数据"时代),人们的生活、工作与思维都面临着大变革。文章基于"大数据"思维,探讨了成矿规律及成矿系列研究中的一些问题,以期地质大数据能够在成矿规律及成矿系列的研究中得到更好地应用。首先,从"大数据"的特点及其研究现状入手,结合地质矿产研究中的现实问题,阐述了地质大数据的概念及其外延。然后,综合"大数据"与成矿规律、成矿系列研究相关各地质专业的特点,浅析了矿产资源领域地质大数据的10个特点;其中,除了从地质矿产的视角解释了"大数据"的大量性、高速性、多样性、价值性4大特点外,还基于地质矿产专业提出了地质大数据的6大新特点:"物质性与非物质性""空间性与非空间性""时间性与非时间性""因果性与非因果性""主体性与非主体性"及"客体性与非客体性",并在"大数据"的背景下作了新的诠释。最后,总结了地质大数据在成矿规律、成矿系列、成矿体系研究中的应用情况及注意事项,期望地质大数据能为成矿理论和成矿预测工作提供新思路。

Since the 21st Century, confronted with the etx^ch ta＂）, people are facing great changes in living, working of information explosion （i. e., the epoch of ＂Big Da- and thinking. In this paper, some problems concerning the study of minerogenetic regularity and minerogenetic series of mineral deposits are discussed in the big data way of thinking in the hope that Big Geodata can be well applied to the study of minerogenetic regularity and minerogenetic series. First of all, this paper starts with the concept and research status of Big Data and, in com- bination with some problems concerning geology and mineral resources, expounds the concept and extension of Big Geodata. Then, after summarizing the professional characteristics of Big Data and geology and mineral re-sources, 10 kinds of Big G-eodata characteristics have been expanded with some specific examples of geology and mineral resources. In addition to the use of geology and mineral resources perspective to explain the four charac- teristics （4V＋ 6W） of Big Data, namely volume, velocity, variety and value, six new characteristics of Big Geodata are put forward based on professional setting of geolggy and mineral resources, which are ＂what and non-what＂, ＂where and non-where＇, ＂when and non-when＂, ＂why and non-why＂, ＂who and non-who＂ and ＂whom and non-whom＂, and are reinterpreted under the background of Big Data. Finally, the application of Big Geodata to minerogenetic regularity, minerogenetic series, minerogenetic system and minerogenetic prediction as well as some other aspects that deserve attention is summarized, and then some problems existing in the applica- tion of Big Geodata are also discussed, in the hope of providing research ideas for researchers of geology and mineral resources.