滴灌条件下不同氮钾用量对马铃薯产量和水肥利用率的影响

Effects of different nitrogen and potassium application amount on potato yield and water-fertilizer use efficiency under drip irrigation

为探索滴灌条件下马铃薯的最佳N,K配比,在大通县开展了田间试验,研究不同施肥处理对马铃薯产量和水肥利用率的影响。结果表明:N2P2K3处理下,株高、大(中)薯数、单株薯重明显提高,小薯数明显降低,块茎产量达到42 000 kg/hm^2。施N量120.00 kg/hm^2(N2P2K2)处理下,N肥农学利用率最高为108.33 kg/kg;施K量67.50 kg/hm2(N2P2K3)处理下,K肥农学利用率最高为111.11 kg/kg。N2P2K3处理下水分生产率明显提高,为5.59 kg/m^3;单产耗水量明显降低,为0.18 m^3/kg。滴灌条件下马铃薯增产和水肥利用最佳的N,K肥用量分别为N120.00 kg/hm2和K2O 67.50 kg/hm^2。

In order to explore the optimum ratio of N,K for potato under drip irrigation,a field experiment was conducted to research the effects of different fertilizer treatments on potato yield,water use efficiency and fertilizer use efficiency in Datong County,Qinghai. The results showed that plant height,number of big（ middle） potato,potato weight per plant increased significantly,number of small potato decreased obviously and potato yield reached highest level 42 000 kg / hm2 under N2P2K3. Application N of 120. 00 kg / hm2 got the highest agronomic utilization rate of nitrogen108. 33 kg / kg. Application K of 67. 50 kg / hm2 got the highest agronomic utilization rate of potash111. 11 kg / kg. Water productivity increased significantly under N2P2K3 treatment,was 5. 59 kg /m3,and water consumption per yield decreased obviously under N2P2K3 treatment with 0. 18 m3/ kg.It shows that optimum ratio of N,K for potato is N 120. 00 kg / hm2 and K2O 67. 50 kg / hm2 under drip irrigation.