计算机软件保护的转型与刑法规制理念的创新——兼论侵犯著作权罪的改革思路

On the Transformation of Computer Software Protection and the Ideal Innovations of Criminal Regulation

计算机软件的法律保护历来是理论界和司法实务界重点关注的现实问题。基于后现代经济转型时期,计算机软件刑法规制的完善直接关乎我国知识产权事业发展与创新的社会效果。计算机软件保护正处于立法变革与转型的浪潮中,侵犯软件著作权罪的立法完善亦是计算机软件刑法保护方案奏效的缩影,映射出刑法谦抑性与秩序普适性的两难、立法本土化与法律趋同化抉择的法律问题,在回应"以营利为目的"的存废之争与"复制发行"的异化存疑的立法命题的同时,提出废除刑法第217条第1款"以营利为目的",增加著作权权利人实际损失以及废除刑法第218条销售侵权复制品罪,增加刑法第217条第1款第1项中复制发行包括零售的法律方案。

The legal protection of computer software has always been available to find current dilemma to be focused on from theory and judicial practice. Based on the era of the post-modern econimic transformation, the perfection of criminal regulations of computer software is directly bound up with the social effects of development and innovation on intellectual property business. The legal protection of computer software being caught in the wave of legislative revolution and transformation, the legislative perfection of crime of software copyright infringement is also a miniature of the effects of criminal protection scheme on computer software,reflecting legal problems such as a dilemma between modesty of criminal law and universality of order, a selection between legislative localization and legal assimilation. Therefore, responding to the legislative propositions of the battle of existence or abolishment on ＂for the purpose of making profits＂and alienated suspicion of ＂copy and distrubution＂,it is suggested for legal proposals that ＂for the purpose of making profits＂in the first paragraph of article 217 of criminal law abolished and the actual loss of the copyright holder added, and the crime of selling infringing copies in article218 of criminal law abolished and the way of retail added in the concept of copy and distrubution in the subparagraph（1）of article 217.