玻璃微珠增强超高分子量聚乙烯的耐磨耐热性能研究

Wear- and Heat-resistant Performances of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Composites Reinforced by Glass Beads

采用热压成型工艺制备了偶联玻璃微珠填充的超高分子量聚乙烯（UHMWPE）复合材料,通过万能材料试验机、洛氏硬度计考察了玻璃微珠含量对复合材料力学性能、硬度的影响,对复合材料进行了X射线衍射分析（XRD）、差示扫描量热分析（DSC）和静态热机械分析（TMA）,通过热变形、维卡温度测定仪考察了玻璃微珠含量对复合材料维卡软化温度的影响,通过高速环块磨损试验机和自制砂浆磨损水浴试验装置考察了玻璃微珠含量对复合材料耐摩擦磨损性能的影响,通过扫描电子显微镜观察复合材料磨损表面形貌并分析了其磨损机理.结果表明：偶联玻璃微珠在UHMWPE体系中起填充增强作用,能有效提高复合材料的硬度、维卡软化温度、熔点和玻璃化转变温度,从而降低材料的摩擦系数与磨耗.维卡软化温度最多能提高12.5%,而磨损质量最多能降低62%,玻璃微珠质量分数在5%~20%之间效果明显,材料的力学性能随玻璃微珠的含量增加而有所下降.

Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene （UHMWPE） and its composites filled with glass beads were prepared by heat compression molding. The mechanical properties, Rockwell hardness, phases, morphologies, Vicat softening temperature, melting points and coefficient of linear expansion of the composites were examined, and their friction and wear resistant performances were tested by an MRH-3 high speed friction and wear tester and a water-sand slurry apparatus with water bath. It is found that the resulting blends exhibited better properties in the hardness, Vicat softening temperature, melting point and the glass transition temperature, which led to the lower coefficient of frictionand the less wear 0fthe composites. The Vicat softening temperature was enhanced by 12.5% and the wear mass was reduced by 62%. It is also found that the content of glass beads between 5% and 20% was the optimal loading, however, the mechanical properties of UHMWPE composites presented a reduction with increasing amount of the filler.