马铃薯试管苗大田移栽生产原原种关键技术研究

Research on the Key Technology of Potato Plantlets Transplanting Original Seed Production

在甘肃省高寒阴湿区,以陇薯3号、陇薯10号脱毒苗为研究对象,通过4种育苗方式进行早春温室育苗。结果表明,育苗30 d,2个品种叶片数和植株鲜重差异均达显著水平,表现为苗床铺营养土育苗〉营养钵装营养土育苗〉苗床铺蛭石育苗〉营养钵装蛭石育苗。2个品种幼苗移栽大田,在施N 150-375 kg/hm^2范围内设置4个施肥处理,结果成熟期株高和植株鲜质量随着施肥量的增大逐渐升高,以施N 375 kg/hm^2处理最大,平均分别较施N 150、225、300 kg/hm^2处理高32.9%、20.7%、7.9%和62.0%、34.7%、20.0%,而茎粗、主茎分枝数和产量均表现出随肥料用量的增大呈先升高后降低的抛物线型变化趋势,2个品种茎粗、主茎数及原原种产量施N 300 kg/hm^2处理平均分别较施N 150、225、375 kg/hm^2处理高23.3%、9.8%、8.3%和31.4%、21.0%、7.0%和45.0%、25.7%、15.6%。

The virus free seedling of Longshu 3 and Longshu 10 as experimental treatment in Alpine humid areas in Gansu Province,seedling of early spring is bred in sunlight greenhouse by four kinds of seedling. The result shows that the leaf number and plant fresh weight of two potato varieties reached significant level after seedling 30 days,a change can be represented as seedbed shop of seedling in nutrition soil seedling nutritious soil seedbed shop vermiculite nutrition bowl fitted vermiculite that hold the nutrition bowl. When the two varieties of seedlings transplanted to the field,set up 4 fertilizer treatments in the range of N150-375 kg/hm^2,the amount of nitrogen 240 kg/hm^2 is the highest,plant high and plant fresh weight increased gradually with the increasing of supplied nitrogen amount,which are 32.9%,20.7%,7.9% and 62.0%,34.7% and 20.0%,respectively,higher than that of the amount of nitrogen 150、225、300 kg/hm^2. The stem diameter,branch number and the actual yield is increased with the amount of fertilizer is a parabola trend first increased and then decreased,which are 23.3%、9.8%、8.3%,31.4%、21.0%、7.0%and 45.0%、25.7%、15.6%,respectively,higher than that of the amount of nitrogen 150、225、375 kg/hm^2.