超极化磁共振波谱的原理和应用

Principle and application of hyperpolarized magnetic resonance spectroscopy

通过动态核极化(dynamic nuclear polarization,DNP)的方法使原子核自旋极化达到热平衡之上来增强分子磁共振10,000倍以上的信号,这一过程称为超极化(hyperpolarization,HP)。溶解性DNP允许超极化分子以液体形式转移至生物体内,可实时观测体内的生物灌注、代谢产物的运输和代谢反应。该技术的发明克服了传统磁共振信号低,不能实时监测体内代谢过程的缺点。本文旨在介绍动态核极化的定义和技术、常用的超极化生物探针、超极化磁共振波谱图像的结果分析以及初步的动物实验和临床试验结果。

The polarization of nuclear spins can be enhanced above the thermal equilibrium polarization with dynamic nuclear polarization（DNP） to achieve signalnoise ratio improvement of greater than 10,000-fold in magnetic resonance, this technique is denoted ＂hyperpolarization＂（HP）. Dissolution DNP is allowed the enhanced sample to be transferred from the polarizer and injected in vivo, providing realtime measurement of perfusion, metabolite transport, and metabolism, which break the constraint of traditional magnetic resonance in detecting cellular metabolism in real time in vivo. The defi nition and introduction to the DNP technique, hyperpolarized bio-probes and applications, and analysis and interpretation of results from magnetic resonance images/spectroscope in pre-clinical and clinical areas were reviewed.