新医改前后两市农村慢性病患者健康相关行为和就医利用变化研究

Research on Change of Health Related Behaviors and Health Seeking Behaviors by Rural Patients with Chronic Diseases in two Cities before and after New Medical Reform

目的比较新医改前后溧阳市与邳州市农村慢性病患者健康相关行为和就医利用变化情况。方法根据第四次、第五次国家卫生服务调查中的家庭健康询问调查数据,利用SPSS 16.0软件进行统计,采用描述性分析、x^2检验或方差分析。结果邳州市农村慢性病患者开始吸烟的平均年龄低于溧阳市、锻炼时长高于溧阳市;量血压情况溧阳市好于邳州市;溧阳市的两周慢性病患者病伤就诊率低于邳州市,未住院率明显下降。结论两市慢性病患者对基本健康行为的认知和掌握程度偏低,溧阳市农村地区慢性病患者保健行为优于邳州市,且农村地区慢性病患者就医利用逐渐优化。应加强健康教育,提高农村慢性病患者对基本健康行为的认知水平;加强对慢性病患者的管理和随访;促进分级诊疗,建立完善"县、乡、村"有序的就医利用秩序。

OBJECTIVE Comparing the health related behaviors and the changes of medical use of patients with chronic diseases in rural areas in Liyang and Pizhou before and after the new medical reform.METHODS According to the data of household health interview surveys which come from the fourth and fifth national health services survey,SPSS 16.0 was wsed to analysis,including descriptive analysis,chi-square test and variance analysis.RESULTS The average age of patients with chronic diseases in rural areas in Pizhou start smoking below that of Liyang,the average of exercise time was higher than that of Liyang;patients with chronic diseases in rural areas in Liyang are better in taking their blood pressure;The two weeks prevalent rate of patients with chronic diseases in rural areas in Liyang is lower,and the annual not hospitalization rate was obviously decreased.CONCLUSIONS Patients with chronic diseases in two cities had a bad cognition and master of basic health behavior;health care behavior of patients with chronic diseases in rural areas in Liyang was better,and its health service utilization gradually optimizes.It needed to strengthen health education,and improve the cognition of basic health behavior;strengthen the management of patients with chronic diseases and follow-up;promote Grading Clinic and establish a county-township-village orderly order of outpatient.