试论清代贵州少数民族学校教育的发展与成效

Development and Achievements of School Education for Ethnic Groups in Guizhou in the Qing Dynasty

贵州在明代建省后，学校教育开始在少数民族上层普及，但未能普及到一般的少数民族下层。清代改土归流后，在加强武力统治的同时，积极发展文教事业，先后在苗、布依、水、侗等民族地区建立了书院、社学、义学，为贵州少数民族带来了学校教育。清代贵州学校教育为少数民族培养了地方精英，为地方少数民族参与国家建设和普及汉文化提供了平台，也为其后贵州少数民族教育的发展奠定了基础。

After Guizhou became a province in the Ming Dynasty, school education started to spread among the upper class of minority people. In the Qing Dynasty, after bureaucratization of native officers, Guizhou vigorously developed culture and education while strengthening the rule of force. As a result, academies of classical learning, public and private schools were set up in Miao, Bouyei, Shui, Dong minority areas and cultivated local minority talents. School education in Guizhou in the Qing Dynasty provided a platform for local minorities to participate in national building and cultural development and also laid a solid foundation for ethnic education in Guizhou.