新环保法中环境公益诉讼制度的难点与对策

The Difficulties and Countermeasures of Environmental Public Interests Litigation System in the New Environmental Protection Law

2012年民事诉讼法(修正案)最初规定了环境公益诉讼制度,但法律规定简单且缺乏可操作性。新环保法及相关司法解释虽有很大进步,却在环境污染和生态破坏司法实践方面仍显得力不从心,主要表现在原告主体资格受限、地域管辖严格导致地方保护、受案范围过窄等方面。通过明确检察机关和环保部门原告资格、赋予公民和企业原告资格、放宽社会组织的原告资格条件、设立环境巡回法庭、扩大环境公益诉讼的可诉范围、落实环境公益诉讼立案登记制等措施可以破解环境公益诉讼制度的难点。

The civil procedural law （amendment） in 2012 stipulated environmental public interests litigation system, but the legal provision was simple and lack of maneuver ability. Although the new environmental protection law and relevant judicial interpretation have made great progress, still there are powerless on juridical practice about environmental pollution and ecological damage, which mainly include the main plaintiff being limited, territorial jurisdiction resulting in regional protection, the scope of accepting cases being too narrow etc. Defining procurator and the environmental protection department of the plaintiff qualification, giving citizens and enterprises of the plaintiff qualification, relaxing the plaintiff qualifications of social organization, establishing environmental circuit court, expanding actionable range of environmental public interests litigation, committing case-filing register system of environmental public interests litigation can crack the difficulties of environmental public interests litigation.