木薯组培苗壮苗生根技术研究

Test-tube cultivation technology for strong cassava plantlets

【目的】探讨木薯组培苗壮苗生根的影响因素，建立一套适合木薯组培苗壮苗生根的关键技术。【方法】以木薯品种新选048组培苗腋芽为外植体，研究不同基本培养基及不同用量的蔗糖、活性碳、植物生长调节剂对其壮苗生根的影响。【结果】MS、1／2MS、1／3MS基本培养基对新选048腋芽诱导的组培苗壮苗效果差异不显著（P〉0．05）；1／2MS基本培养基诱导的木薯组培苗生根率最高，为97．5％。在1／2MS＋NAA0．02mg／L＋蔗糖20．00g／L培养基中分别添加PP333 0．02-0．50mg／L和B，5．00-40．00mg／L，对腋芽组培苗均有不同程度的矮化作用，其中PP333壮苗效果较B9显著（P〈0．05，下同）；当PP333为0．05mg／L时，组培苗植株粗壮，叶片浓绿，长势旺盛。在1／2MS＋NAA0．02mg／L培养基中添加蔗糖20．00～60．00g／L，以蔗糖40．00g／L的壮苗效果较好，木薯组培苗生根率较高，植株粗壮。在1／2MS＋NAA0．02mg／L＋蔗糖20．00g／L培养基中添加1．00～4．00mg／L活性碳，严重抑制腋芽组培苗的生长，其生根率、株高、茎段鲜重和干重等均随活性炭用量的增加而不断降低。在1／2MS＋NAA0．02mg／L＋PP3330．05mg／L＋蔗糖40．00g／L壮苗生根培养基中，生根苗的移栽成活率显著高于对照，为89．4％。【结论】适宜新选048组培苗的壮苗生根培养基为1／2MS＋NAA0．02mg／L＋PP3330．05mg／L＋蔗糖40．00g／L。

[Objective]The present study was aimed to explore influencing factors on culturing strong rooted plantlets of cassava in order to build key technology for strong plantlets culture of cassava. [Method]By taking axillary bud derived from plantlet of cassava variety Xinxuan 048 as explants, the effects of different basic culture media, dosages of plant growth regulators, sugar and AC on culturing strong rooted plantlets were investigated. [ Result ]The results indicated that, 1/2MS basic medium had more significant effect on culturing strong plantlets derived from axillary bud of Xinxuan 048, and its rooting rate of culturing plantlets was found to be the highest as 97.51%. As to culture medium 1/2MS＋ NAA 0.02 mg/L＋Sugar 20.00 g/L,the plantlets were dwarfed to varying degree when supplied PP333 0.02-0.50 mg/L and B9 5.00- 40.00 mg/L in culture medium, and this dwarfing effect of PP333 was more significant than B9. By supplying PP333 0.05 mg/L to culture medium, the cultured plantlets grew vigorous, sturdy, with dark green leaves. When supplied sugar 20.00- 60.00 g/L to culture medium 1/2MS＋NAA 0.02 mg/L, the treatment of sugar 40.00 g/L presented better effects on culturing strong plantlet being higher rooting rate and sturdy planlet. It found that the supplement of 1.00-4.00 mg/L AC to culture medium 1/2MS＋NAA 0.02 mg/L＋Sugar 20.00 g/L had serious inhibition on growth of axillary buds;with the increment of AC dosage, the rooting rate, plant height, fresh weight and dry weight of stems were decreased. In the rooting culture medium 1/2MS＋NAA 0.02 mg/L＋PP333 0.05 mg/L＋Sugar 40.00 g/L, the survival rate （89.4%） of transplanted plantlets was higher than that of the control culture medium. [ Conclusion ] The suitable euhure medium for strong plantlets of cassava variety Xinxuan 048 is 1/2MS＋NAA 0.02 mg/L＋PP333 0.05 mg/L＋Sugar 40.00 g/L.