4种植物生长调节剂对马槟榔种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

Effects of four plant growth regulators on seed germination and seedlings growth of Capparis masaikai

【目的】筛选可提高马槟榔种子萌发并促进幼苗生长的植物生长调节剂处理条件，为该物种的人工繁育提供参考依据。【方法】在（25±5）℃条件下，选用赤霉素（GA3）、噻重氮苯基脲（TDZ）、萘乙酸（NAA）和吲哚乙酸（IAA）4种植物生长调节剂，每种植物生长调节剂均设置5个用量，以蒸馏水为对照，浸种24h后播种，测定种子发芽率、发芽势、幼苗株高、主根长度及侧根数量和长度等指标。【结果】不同植物生长调节剂处理对马槟榔种子发芽率影响不同，其中150mg／LIAA处理的发芽率最高，为89．09％；其次为10mg／LNAA、1000mg／LGA3和100mg／LIAA处理，发芽率均为88．33％。随着GA3用量的提高马槟榔种子发芽势呈先增后减的变化趋势，当GA3用量达1000mg／L时马槟榔种子发芽势最高，达45．00％，且一定用量范围（1000～1500mg／L）的GA3对促进马槟榔幼苗株高生长的效果显著（P〈0．05）。4种植物生长调节剂对马槟榔幼苗的主根生长均有一定的促进作用，随调节剂用量增加，不同GA3和TDZ处理的主根长度呈先增后减的变化趋势，且对马槟榔侧根生长有较好的促进效果；不同NAA和IAA处理的主根长度呈先增大后减小再略微增大的变化趋势，但在试验范围内对马槟榔幼苗侧根的影响相对较弱。【结论】1000mg／LGA3浸种24h是促进马槟榔种子萌发和幼苗生长的最佳条件，其次1500mg／LGA3和150mg／LIAA处理也可有效促进马槟榔种子萌发。

[Objective ]The present experiment was conducted to screen out treatment condition of plant growth regula- tors which could increase seed germination and seedlings growth of Capparis masaikai, in order to provide reference for ar- tificially breeding C. masaikai. [ Method ] Four kinds of plant growth regulators viz., gibberellin （GA3）, thidiazuron （TDZ） naphthyl acetic acid （NAA） and indole acetic acid （IAA） were diluted to five kinds of concentrations, respectively. Then these different concentrations of plant growth regulators were used for soaking C. masaikai seeds under temperature of （25±5）℃, respectively, with distilled water as control. After 24 hours, the soaked seeds were sowed. Then the seed germina- tion rate, germination potential and seedling plant height, taproot length, and lateral root number and length were deter- mined. [ Result ] Different dosages of growth regulators treatment had different influences on seed germination rate of C. masaikai. Seed soaked in 150 mg/L IAA had the highest germination rate （89.09%）, followed by seeds soaked in 10 mg/L NAA, 1000 mg/L GA3 and 100 mg/L IAA with germination rate of 88.33%. In addition, the germination potential of C. masaikai increased first and then decreased with the increase of GA3 dosage. Besides, when GA3 was 1000 rag/L, the ger- mination potential reached to g5.00%, and GA3 in a certain dosage range（ 1000-1500 mg/L） had significant effect to promote seedling growth （P〈0.05）. Moreover, four kinds of plant growth regulators could all promote taproot growth of seedlings. However, as the dosages of GA3 and TDZ increased, taproot length first increased and then decreased, and there was obvious promotion effect on lateral root growth. Furthermore, as the dosages of NAA and IAA increased, the taproot length first increased and then decreased and eventually increased slightly again, but NAA and IAA in the test dosage range had not obvious influence on seedlings lateral root： [Conclusion]Soaking seeds in 1000 mg/L GA3 for 24 hours is the best treatment for promoting seed germination and seedling growth of C. masaikai, followed by soaking seeds in 1500 mg/L GA3 and 150 mg/L IAA with effective promotion effect on seed germination.