仙居油茶优树选择与分析

Plus Tree Selection of Camellia oleifera in Xianju

2009—2012年连续4axe仙居仙油茶（Camelia olffera）进行优树选择，以选出适合本地生长的油茶优树。结果表明：共决选出油茶优树5株；5株油茶优树属霜降籽，中花类型，树冠开张，生长良好，抗病虫能力强；果实大小、分布均匀，每株平均产鲜果6．69～15．04kg，平均冠幅产鲜果1．27～2．07kg／m2，最少年份在0．53kg／m2以上；冠幅产油85．96～134．77g／m2，折合产油601．5～934．5kg／hm2；鲜出籽率43．4～47．06％，干出籽率25．83～32．01％，种仁含油率42．23％～46．4％，果油率6．27～8．46％；不饱和脂肪酸的油酸和亚油酸含量86．69％～89．64％，酸价0．21～0．32。

Selection of plus Camellia oleifera trees were implemented by reported, observation and determination at camellia plantations in Xianju, Zhejiang province from 2009 to 2012. 5 plus-trees were finally selected. They had characteristic of medium flower, opening crown, good growth, strong resistance to insect and diseases. These plus-trees had even fruit weight and distribution. The average yield of fresh fruit was 6.69kg-15.04kg/tree, 1.27kg-2.07kg per square meter of crown diameter, above 0.53kg per square meter of crown diameter by the least year. Their oil product per square meter of crown diameter reached 85.96-134.77g, about 601.5-934.5kg/ha. Fresh seed rate of above-mentioned plus-trees was 43.4 -47.06%, dried seed rate 25.83-32.01%, oil content of kernel was 42.23%-46.4%, that of seed was 6.27-8.46%. Oleic and linoleic acid content of unsaturated fatty acid was 86.69%-89.64%, with acid value of 0.21-0.32.