自定义坐标系的建立及其坐标变换实现

Custom Coordinate System Establishment and Coordinate Conversion

大地基准(含数学椭球体)和投影方式的组合形成多种投影坐标系。地质勘查工作者常遇到坐标转换问题和建立自定义坐标问题,尤其是当我国北京54坐标系和西安80坐标系地质数据的GIS化时。GIS软件已经成为地质勘查的基本工具,而地质数据GIS化的第一步就是建立坐标系统。本文论述了如何使用Map Info和GeosoftOasis MontajTM两种常见地质勘查GIS软件建立自定义坐标,主要是如何在该两个软件中构建自定义大地基准(datum),并且给出了如何使用两个软件进行坐标变换的步骤。

The different ellipsoid,datum and projection methods can combine and result in different coordinate systems. Exploration geologists often face to use geological data in different coordinate systems and to establish the custom coordinate system when they process geological data especially with GIS software,which has been a basic and important tool for exploration geology,and especially for data in Beijing 54 and / or Xi＇an 80 coordinate systems,for both of them have no completed datum except ellipsoid. Thus,we explain here how to establish the custom coordinate system with MapInfoand GeosoftOasis Montaj^TM GIS softwares respectively,especially to establish custom datum and how to convert the coordinate between different systems with them.