刺激响应降解型聚合物水凝胶

Stimuli-Responsive Degradable Polymeric Hydrogels

作为一类重要的高分子材料,聚合物水凝胶由于其优良的理化性能和生物学特性而被广泛应用于生物医药领域,降解特性是其作为生物医用材料的重要性能指标。刺激响应降解型水凝胶是指在环境因素刺激下凝胶网络发生响应性断裂,进而产生凝胶-溶胶或溶胀-降解转变的一类智能高分子材料。这一响应降解特性可通过将环境敏感性断裂基团引入到聚合物凝胶网络中来实现。与水凝胶常规的水解、酶解相比,刺激响应降解因具有空间或时间上的可控特性而引起人们的广泛关注。本文重点介绍了p H响应、光响应以及氧化还原响应降解型聚合物水凝胶的设计方法、降解机理及其最新研究进展,并对刺激响应降解型水凝胶未来的研究方向进行了展望。

Polymeric hydrogels,as an important class of polymeric materials,have found widespread use in biomedical and pharmaceutical fields due to their excellent physicochemical and biological characteristics.Degradability is an important parameter when considering the application of polymeric hydrogels in the biomedical fields. Stimuli-responsive degradable（ SRD） hydrogel is a kind of intelligent materials,whose network structure can be cleaved in response to external environmental triggers,resulting in a gel-sol or swelling-degradation transition behavior. The stimuli-responsive degradability can be realized by incorporation of environment-sensitive labile or cleavable groups into the gel network. Moreover,this characteristic SRD ability has attracted tremendous interests due to the triggered and controlled degradability in space or in time as compared to the conventional hydrolysis and enzymolysis. This review mainly focuses on the design methods,mechanisms of degradation and most recent studies of SRD hydrogels whose bonds responsively broken by pH,photo and redox triggers. Finally,a perspective on the future research directions of the SRD hydrogels is briefly discussed.