卡夫卡《变形记》早期评论回顾

Kafka's The Metamorphosis : A Review of Early Comments

卡夫卡《变形记》的研究文献众多,但从中找出一些清楚明白的"意思"并予以清晰叙述,殊非易事。文本对超自然事件与平凡生活场景的混合,在梦与清醒两种意识状态之间的转换,以及叙述视角的不确定,是造成"评论者的绝望"的若干原因。如果说,在生活的自然真实与文学对生活的变形及再现之间,存在某种不言自明的界限的话,那么,《变形记》早期评论则已表明:解读者必定被迫把这一界限复杂化,并将其拓展、膨胀为有待进一步澄清的意义空间。

It is a challenging task to formulate a clear, meaningful, and linear narrative from various comments of Kafka＇ s novella The Metamorphosis . The blending of supernatural events and daily life, the switching between two states of consciousness of dreaming and waking, and the uncertainty of its point of view, are several reasons that evoke the ＂commentators＇ despair＂. If there is a natural borderline between the ＂natural life＂ and a representation or ＂metamorphosis＂ of it, the commentators of The Metamorphosis must be forced to complicate and expand this borderline into a space of meaning - construction which needs to be clarified fur- ther.