论我国家族企业的概念及类型

On Family Business Concept and Types in China

家族企业概念的界定应考虑家族主要成员在企业持股、对企业有控制权、企业文化与价值观传承三个因素。在家族企业创设初期,所有权与经营权完全往往掌握在一代家族成员手中,但随着家族企业发展壮大,企业所有权与经营权会发生分离,职业经理人管理家族企业将会是未来的大势所趋。二代家族企业表现为家族成员持有企业一定股份,能够直接或间接控制企业的特点,作为一个典型的家族企业须具有企业文化与价值观,并且是可持续传承发展的企业组织。企业产权结构是区分家族企业与非家族企业的关键,采取单一产权结构与混合产权结构为标准对家族企业进行分类符合家族企业的本质特征。

The definition of family business should include three elements of family members in terms of enterprise ownership, corporate control, corporate culture and values. During the early stage of family enterprise, family members completely control ownership and right of an enterprise; however, with the growth of a family enterprise, enterprise ownership and right are separated. It is stated that family enterprise will be managed by career managers. The family enterprise of second generation features with a partially-controlled enterprise shares by family members and he can directly or indirect control enterprise. A typical family enterprise must have enterprise culture and values and sustainable. Property right structure is the key to tell differences between family and non-family businesses; single ownership structure with mixed ownership structure for the standard classification is in accordance with the essential characteristics of the family business.