大风灾害引起的货物列车脱轨全过程分析

Analysis of freight train derailment course induced by gale disaster

针对货物列车在大风灾害下的安全运行问题,基于列车-轨道系统空间振动计算模型及列车脱轨能量随机分析理论,提出大风灾害下列车脱轨全过程计算方法。以我国常见的大风灾害为对象,计算运营速度下货物列车在8~10级大风环境中的脱轨全过程,对脱轨机理、轮轨几何接触状态及轮轨相对位置进行分析。研究结果表明：大风灾害引起的列车-轨道系统输入能量的增加是导致货物列车脱轨的主要原因;随着风速及车速的增大,系统输入能量随之增加,转向架与钢轨的横向相对位移增大明显,但转向架摇头角变化较小;另外,曲线线路上列车横向振动更加剧烈,其中转向架与钢轨横向相对位移及转向架摇头角均大于直线上的相应值,其最大分别为87.3 mm和4.59°。上述机理及数据可为列车车轮脱轨掉道检测装置提供参考,确保列车在脱轨瞬间及时停车。

For the safe operation problem induced by gale disaster of freight train,the freight train derailment course calculation method under gale disaster was presented on the basis of the train- track system spatial vibration calculation model and the random energy analysis theory of train derailment. By taking the common gale disaster in China as the object,the whole freight train derailment course in 8 ~ 10 level of wind environment at the main speed were calculated respectively. The derailment mechanism,the wheel- rail contact state and the relative position between wheel and rail were analyzed. The results show that,with the increase of wind speed and train speed,the system input energy increased,that is the main reason for the freight train derailment induced by gale disaster. The relative lateral displacement between bogie and track is increased obviously,while the bogie yaw angle has small changes. Moreover,the train lateral vibration is more severe in curve,the bogie- track lateral relative displacement and the bogie yaw angle is greater than the corresponding value of straight line which the maximum value is87. 3mm and 4. 59° relatively. The mechanism and data above can provide a reference for the detection device of wheel derailment,which can ensure the train to stop in time at the moment that train derailed.