台湾灾害防救体系与规划启示

Taiwan's Disaster Prevention System and Planning Enlightenment

中国地理环境条件复杂,频发的自然灾害及其造成的巨大损失反映出灾害防救体系不完善的问题。本文借鉴台湾灾害防救对策经验,对台湾灾害防救制度和立法、灾害防救组织与计划、防灾系统空间规划以及防灾普及与教育等系统化的灾害防救体系进行深入探讨,总结台湾灾害防救体系在理论理念、组织应对、空间规划、预报预警、宣传教育等方面的特点。最后提出台湾经验对中国大陆的启示,包括建立"全社会型"防灾体制,规范防灾空间规划,做好防灾准备和教育工作,逐步走上"主动防灾"之路。

Geographical environment conditions of China are complicated with frequent natural disasters and huge losses, which reflect the imperfection of the disaster prevention system. In this paper, Taiwan＇s disaster prevention experience would be a basis to study on its disaster prevention system and legislation, organization and planning, spacial planning and popularization and education, so as to summarize the characteristics of Taiwan＇s disaster prevention system in theory and concept, organization and service, spacial planning, forecasting and early warning, and publicity and education, etc. At last, some enlightenments of Taiwan＇s experience would be put forward to China's Mainland, including setting up disaster prevention system of ＂whole society＂, standardizing disaster prevention planning, and strengthening the popularization and education of disaster prevention. Therefore, the goal of ＂active disaster prevention＂ will be gradually achieved.