青岛市中学生强迫症状及相关因素分析

A study of status and related factors for obsessive-compulsive symptoms in middle school students in Qingdao

目的调查青岛市中学生强迫症状发生状况及相关因素。方法选择1 902名青岛市中学生应用自编定式量表、耶鲁布朗强迫量表(Y-BOCS)、青少年生活事件量表(ASLEC)进行评价,以有、无强迫症状将学生分为研究组和对照组,并进行分析。结果青岛市中学生强迫症状检出率为14.4%,高中生检出率高于初中学生(P<0.05),女生强迫症状检出率高于男生(P<0.05)。高中学生的Y-BOCS强迫思维、强迫动作因子分及总分高于初中学生(P<0.05),女生的Y-BOCS强迫思维因子分及总分高于男生(P<0.05)。研究组的ASLEC所有因子分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。多元逐步回归分析结果显示,Y-BOCS总分的主要影响因素包括ASLEC生活事件因子分、年龄、ASLEC学习压力因子分、ASLEC受惩罚因子分、性别。结论青岛市中学生强迫症状检出率较高,其强迫症状与生活事件、年龄、性别等因素有关。

Objective To investigate the status and related factor for obsessive-compulsive symptoms in middle school students in Qingdao. Methods A total of 1 902 middle school students in Qingdao were selected and assessed with the selfdesigned questionnaire, Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale （Y-BOCS） and Adolescent Self-rating Life Events Checklist （ASLEC）. According to the result of Y-BOCS, the students were divided into two groups, the students with obsessive-compulsive symptoms in study group and the students without obsessive-compulsive symptoms in control group. Results The detection rate of obsessive-compulsive symptoms for the middie school students in Qingdao was 14.4%. The detection rate of high school students was significantly higher than that of junior high school students （P 〈 0.05 ）, and the rate of girls was significantly higher than that of boys（ P 〈0.05 ）. The total score and factor scores of obsessive thoughts, compulsive acts in Y-BOCS in high school students were all significantly higher than those in junior high school students （ P 〈 0.05）, and the total score as well as factor score of obsessive thoughts in Y-BOCS in girls were all significantly higher than those in boys （ P 〈 0.05 ）. All factor scores in ASLEC in study group were significantly higher than those in control group（P 〈 0.05）. The result of multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the main influencing factors for the total score of Y-BOCS included the factor scores of life events, learning pressure and punishment in ASLEC as well as age and gender. Conclusion It＇ s high for the detection rate of obsessive- compulsive symptoms in the middle school students in Qingdao and the obsessive-compulsive symptoms in these students are related to their life events, age and gender.