不同吸痰负压对早产儿机械通气吸痰效果的研究

Effect of Different Level of Negative Pressure Suction on the Mechanical Ventilation of Premature Infants

目的研究不同吸痰负压对行机械通气的早产儿的吸痰效果及对患儿的影响,旨在探索最佳的吸引负压。方法抽取我院NICU病房经口气管插管行机械通气治疗的早产儿,将其随机分为A,B,C组,每组20例,三组患儿给予不同负压吸痰,其中A组负压为6.7 k Pa,B组负压为10.0 k Pa,C组负压为13.3 k Pa,观察3 d,记录三组患儿吸痰前、吸痰后1 min、3 min、5 min血氧饱和度(Sp O2)的变化,气道黏膜损伤情况,24 h吸痰次数,吸痰时间。结果不同负压对三组患儿的Sp O2的影响无差异。B组、C组患儿24 h吸痰次数较A组少(P<0.05),且与A组比较,B组、C组患儿吸痰时间少(P<0.05)。B组患儿气道黏膜损伤次数较C组少(P<0.05),B组、C组患儿24h吸痰次数及吸痰时间无差异。结论早产儿机械通气吸痰宜选择10 k Pa的压力。

Objective To investigate the effect of different level of the negative pressure of sputum aspiration on premature infants accepted mechanical ventilation and explore the best attract negative pressure. Methods A total of 60 infants in NICU,who were treated with mechanical ventilation through the breath tube intubation. They were randomly divided into group A,group B and group C. The negative pressure of sputum aspiration were 6.7 k Pa,10.0 k Pa,and 13.3 k Pa for group A,group B and group C respectively. The blood oxygen saturation（SpO2）of children before and after the sputum suction 1 min,3 min,5 min,airway mucosa damage,the frequency of sputum suction within 24 h,and the time of sputum suction were recorded. Results Three levels of negative pressure has no obvious difference to the infant＇s Sp O2. Compared with group A,the frequency within 24 h and duration of sputum suction was relatively less in group B and group C（P〈0.05）. The airway mucosa damage were more in group C than those in group B（P〈0.05）. There was no obvious difference of the frequency within 24 h and duration of sputum suction between group B and group C. Conclusion Premature infants who accept the mechanical ventilation should select 10.0 kpa pressure for sputum suction.