1267例南京及周边地区口腔恶性肿瘤统计分析

The statistical analysis of 1 267 cases of oral malignant tumors in Nanjing and the surrounding areas

目的分析了解南京及周边地区口腔恶性肿瘤的发病情况和构成特点,为口腔恶性肿瘤的防治提供参考数据。方法对南京市口腔医院2010—2013年4年间住院治疗的口腔恶性肿瘤患者1 267例,作一回顾性统计分析。结果 1 267例口腔恶性肿瘤患者平均年龄60.94岁,男性发病率高于女性,男女性别比为1.3∶1.0,具有吸烟与饮酒史者亦为男性高于女性,60-69岁及70岁以上为高发年龄组,男性于60-69岁患病比例最高,女性于70岁以上患病比例最高,男女各年龄组统计学分析（P〈0.05）差异有统计学意义;口腔恶性肿瘤以口腔癌多见,口腔癌中又以鳞状上皮癌多见,共818例,占总数64.56%;发病部位分布在前6位的依次为舌、颊、牙龈、软硬腭、颌骨、涎腺,其中以舌部为多,占27.55%,口腔溃疡、口腔黏膜病和牙齿病变者932例,占73.56%。结论在南京市口腔医院住院治疗的口腔恶性肿瘤患者中男性高于女性,高发年龄在60岁以上,以口腔上皮鳞癌为多见,提示应加强老年人的口腔保健工作。

Objective To analyze the prevalence and distributing feature of oral malignant tumor in Nanjing and its surrounding areas,so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of oral malignant tumor. Methods 1 267 cases of oral malignant tumor treated from 2010 to 2013 in Nanjing Stomatological Hospital were collected and analyzed. Results The average age of 1267 cases was60. 94 years old,and the incidence rate of male was higher than that of female,which was 1. 3∶ 1. 0. Males also had a longer smoking and drinking history than females. The high risk age was 60- 69 and over 70 years old. Males at 60- 69 years old and females over 70 years old suffered from the highest incidence rate. There was a significant difference between different ages（ P〈0. 001）. The most common oral malignant tumor was oral cancer,in which the most common was squamous cell carcinoma with the rate of 64. 56%（ 818cases）. The most common site was tongue（ 27. 55%）,followed by buccal,gingiva,soft and hard palate,jaw,salivary glands. The percentage of oral ulcer,oral mucosal lesions and dental disease was 73. 56%（ 932 cases）. Conclusions The prevalence of male patients with oral malignant tumor was higher than female in Nanjing Stomatological Hospital. The high risk age was over 60 years old,and the most common oral cancer was squamous cell carcinoma,which suggests that oral health care of old people should be strengthened.