典型薄壁件的CNC加工方法研究

Research of CNC processing method of typical thin-walled component

为了对传统薄壁件加工方法中加工精度得不到保证,且生产效率低的缺点进行改进,针对汽轮机燃烧室的典型薄壁件的特殊用途,对薄壁件的结构和材料进行了分析,对零件的加工、加工工艺、重要表面的加工程序以及检测进行了归纳,重点分析了加工准备、装夹方案以及粗、精加工中需要注意的问题,提出了一种适合生产实际的高质量、高效率的加工方法,利用立式加工中心KVC800,并结合数控加工技术解决了加工中的难点。研究结果表明,针对结构复杂、薄壁、曲面曲线结构多、精度要求较高的薄壁件,采用数控加工方法能够加工出符合要求的零件,还能减少加工工序,提高零件质量;该方法具有应用于生产实际的可行性和有效性。

In order to improve the weakness that for the processing method of the traditional thin-walled parts, the processing precision cannot be guaranteed and the productivity is low, aiming at the special purpose of the typical thin-walled parts within turbine combnstor, the structure and material of the thin-walled parts were analyzed. The processing, processing craft, processing program and detection on important surfaces were summarized and the problems required to be noticed during processing preparation, fixing scheme, rough machining and finish machining were emphatically analyzed. A qualified and efficient processing method in accordance with the production practices was proposed, and the VMC （vertical machining centre） KVCS00 and numerical control process technology were utilized to solve the difficulties during the processing. The research result shows that, for the thin-walled parts with complex structure, thin wall, multiple surface curves and high demand on precision, the numerical control processing method cannot only be used to produce satisfactory parts, but also to reduce the processing procedure and improve the qualities of the parts. It will be of availability and effectiveness if it is applied in practical production.