2014年马鞍山市基本药物不良反应报告分析

Analysis of Adverse Drug Reaction Reports of Essential Drugs in Maanshan City in 2014

目的：探讨基本药物不良反应（ADR）的发生特点,为促进临床安全用药提供参考。方法：对马鞍山市2014年收集的3 061例基本药物的不良反应报告作回顾性分析,分别按患者性别、年龄、药品种类、剂型、给药途径、报告类型、ADR累及系统-器官等项目统计并分析。结果：3 061例ADR报告中,性别比例基本相当;50~59岁、60~69岁、40~49岁3个年龄段ADR构成比居于前三位;引起ADR的药物以化学药物最多（63.38%）;剂型分布以注射剂（53.15%）和片剂（33.00%）为主;给药途径以静脉注射引发ADR最多,共1 605例（52.44%）;新的严重不良反应23例（0.75%）;ADR累及的系统器官以消化系统最多见（31.88%）。结论：提示临床应用应进一步加强基本药物重点监测及高发群体不良反应的监控,尽量减少ADR的发生。

Objective： In order to provide references for accelerating the clinical safe medication,the characteristics of adverse drug reaction（ ADR） were analyzed. Methods： 3 061 cases of ADR reported were studied retrospectively in Maanshan area of 2014. The statistical analysis was performed separately by sex of the patients,drug varieties,dosage form,route of administration,report type,types of ADR,and ADR involving organ / system. Results： The ratio of male to female was almost equal of ADR 3 061 cases. 50 to 59 years,60 to 69 years and 40 to 49 years age groups lay in the top three of ADR constituent ratios. Most ADR caused by chemicals accounts for 63. 38%. The most dosage form was injection（ 53. 15%） and tablets（ 33. 00%）,and intravenous drip occupied the main route of administration of ADR and the number is 1 605 cases（ 52. 44%）. There were 23 new and serious ADR cases（ 0. 75%） of 3 061 cases. The digestive system damage was the major clinical manifestations,accounting for 31. 88%. Conclusion： ADR monitoring should be further strengthened especially on the group with high incidence to reduce the occurrence of ADR as far as possible.