银川市城市生态经济系统的物质流分析

Material flow analysis on ecol-economic system of Yinchuan City

运用物质流分析法对银川市2006—2012年生态经济系统中的物质流进行分析。结果显示,(1)不含水的物质输入与输出总量均呈先减后增的趋势。物质输入以气体和固体为主,其中固体物质主要以化石燃料、矿物和建筑材料的增加最为明显;物质输出端主要以气体为主,其中化石燃料燃烧废气排放量和工业废气(二氧化硫、工业烟粉尘)排放量在总气体排放中所占的量最多。固体废弃物的增加,也加大了研究区的环境压力。(2)水输入量波动下降,水输出量不断上升。农业用水和工业用水约占总用水量的98%,农业用水量在不断下降,工业用水量和生态用水量在不断上升;废水排放以工业污水为主。(3)从整体来看,物质利用强度和输出强度在缓慢降低,银川市经济发展一方面依靠大量的资源投入,另一方面,环境污染的压力在迅速减轻;单位产值的物质消耗量在减少,废弃物的输出效率明显提高,银川市资源利用效率在稳定提高。

Material flow analysis （MFA） method was used to analyze the material flow of ecol-economic system in Yinchuan City from 2006 to 2012. The results are as follows. （1） The input and output of substance except water first decreased and then increased. Input was given priority to with gas and solid material, in which solid substances of fossit fuels, minerals and building materials increased most pronounced. The output of the main substances was gas, and the emissions were fossil fuel combustion and industrial emissions （sulfur dioxide, industrial smoke dust）. Increasing in solid waste was also increased pressure on the environment of the study area. （2） Water input wave decreased, and the output increased. Water was used in agriculture and industry （about 98% of the total water use）, agricultural water use was falling, and industrial water and ecological water consumption was rising. Waste water discharge was given priority to with industrial waste water. （3） On the whole, the material utilization intensity and the output intensity were slowly reduced; the development of study area relied on a lot of resources. The pressure of the pollution of the environment was reduced. Material consumption per unit of output was reducing, waste output efficiency was increasing significantly, and the resource utilization efficiency was in the stable.