基于GAP技术的我国生态监测网络构建研究

Research of ecology monitoring network in China base on GAP technology

生态环境是人类生存和发展的最基本的物质基础。生物物种资源是生态环境的重要组成部分,是国民经济可持续发展的战略性资源。在系统分析整理国内生态/生物监测网络现状基础上,以生物物种资源为研究目标,总结了国内现有生物监测站点和自然保护区分布情况。综合运用GIS、RS和GAP多种空间分析技术,通过在全国范围内对已有网络进行叠加,找出空缺区域并进行补充布点,建立覆盖我国陆地和海洋的生态监测网络。结果显示,目前我国已有森林生态系统监测站1417个,需新建站52个;已有草原生态系统监测站49个,需新建站52个;已有农田生态系统监测站27个,需新建站48个;已有荒漠生态系统监测站44个,需新建站14个;已有湿地生态系统监测站294个,需新建站110个;已有海洋生态系统监测点位349个,无新增监测点位。

Ecological environment is the fundamental conditions of human survival and development. Biological species resource is an important part of the ecological environment, and it is a strategic resource for the sustainable development of national economy. In this paper, we summarized the current distribution of biological monitoring sites and nature reserves in China. We found out the vacant areas where have not been monitored and established China ecological network by using spatial analysis technologies such as GIS, RS and GAP. Results showed that there were 1417 forest ecosystem monitoring stations in China, and 52 new monitoring stations should be set up. There were 49 grassland ecosystem monitoring stations, and 52 new monitoring stations should be set up. There were 27 farmland ecosystem monitoring stations, and 48 new stations should be set up. There were 44 desert ecosystem monitoring stations, and 14 new stations should be set up. There were 294 wetland ecosystem monitoring stations, and 110 new stations should be set up. There were 349 marine ecosystem monitoring points, and there were no new monitoring points.