广州空港口岸非洲航班传染病输入风险研究

The risk research of imported infectious diseases carried by Africa-China direct flights at Guangzhou airport

目的分析经广州空港口岸入境的非洲直航航班输入性病例重点航班、重点来源地、重点人群等流行病学要素,研究其罹患因素,探讨如何完善防控措施。方法对2010—2014年期间非洲直航航班输入性病例流行病学要素进行统计学分析。结果 2010—2014年,广州空港口岸在非洲直航航班入境人员中共检出121例输入性病例,其中蚊媒传染病病例94例;病例来华前主要生活在尼日利亚、加纳、肯尼亚等国家;ET606航班共输入68例输入性病例,为携带病例最多的航班;中国籍赴非劳务人员和境外来华商务人士为主要的职业构成;病例以20-49岁之间的男性青壮年为主;主要罹患因素包括广泛存在的传染病疫情、恶劣的环境、蚊虫叮咬、患者缺乏自我防护常识等。结论非洲地区高发的传染病疫情尤其是蚊媒传染病疫情通过非洲直航航班进入我国并导致本地传播暴发的威胁巨大。检验检疫、卫生、劳务等部门应通力合作,采取积极主动的境外干预、口岸控制和境内监管措施,以达到保护人民身体健康、阻断疫情跨境传播的目标。

Objective To analysis the epidemiological factors such as the primacy flights, the primary source districts, the foremost susceptible crowds of imported infectious cases who entered China by Africa-China direct flights at Guangzhou Baiyun airport, to further investigate the susceptible factors and discuss how to strengthen the preven-tion and control measures. Methods The epidemiological factors of all the imported infectious cases who entered China by Africa-China direct flights at Guangzhou Baiyun airport in 2010 —2014 were analyzed. Results There were 121 imported infectious cases who entered China by Africa-China direct flights in 2010 —2014（including 94Mosquito-borne diseases cases）. Nigeria, Ghana and Kenya were the most important source districts before they came to China; ET606 flight was the first primacy flight which carried 66 imported infectious diseases to China.Chi-nese labor workers and the foreign business people were the foremost susceptible crowd. Most of the imported infec-tious cases were young men. The susceptible factors were the abominable environment, mosquito bite, lack of selfprevention knowledge, etc. Conclusion The threat of infectious diseases especially mosquito-borne diseases in Africa spreading into China by Africa-China direct flights and causing local outbreaks is very huge. Thus Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau should work hard with other departments（such as the ministry of health and the labor intermediary services） and strengthen effective measures at abroad, at port and inside China to protect the travelers＇ health and control the spread of imported infectious diseases.