接种菌根对矿区植物根际微环境的改良效果研究

Studies on Plant Rhizosphere Microenvironment Improvement in Mining Area by Inoculating Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

煤炭的大规模地下开采不仅破坏了地表植物,而且对矿区土壤造成了严重影响。微生物修复技术是矿区土壤修复的研究热点之一,通过在采煤沉陷区紫穗槐接种菌根真菌,系统地研究菌根对紫穗槐根系形态的发育,对土壤性状的改良以及根际微生物种群数量的影响。结果表明,间隔一年后,接菌紫穗槐根际土壤菌丝密度和微生物数量显著高于对照;菌根植物根际土壤有效磷含量比对照增加42%,速效钾含量比对照增加9%~11%;菌根植物的根系发育状况良好,接菌紫穗槐根长比对照高30%~40%,根尖数多10~20个,根际土壤总球囊霉素接菌植物比对照高0.2~0.6 mg/g。在采煤沉陷地上接种丛枝菌根真菌,可改善根际土壤的性状,有利于地表植被的恢复与稳定,为微生物修复技术的推广应用奠定了一定的理论基础。

Large-scale underground coal mining has not only destroyed the surface vegetation,but also seriously damaged the soil of mining area. Bioremediation is one of the highlights in agro-scientific research for soil restoration of mining areas. This experiment systematically studied the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on root morphology development,soil characteristics improvement and quantity of rhizosphere microbial populations,through mycorrhizal inoculation on amorpha fruticosa in mining subsidence areas. The results showed that one year after the interval,the inoculation on amorpha fruticosa rhizosphere mycelium density and microbial quantity were significantly higher than the control; the effective phosphorus content of mycorrhizal plants rhizosphere soil increased by 42% compared with the control; the rapidly-available potassium content was increased by 9% ~ 11%; the root system growth of inoculated plants was in good condition; the inoculation on amorpha fruticosa root was 30% ~ 40% higher than the contrast; the root tip number was 10 ~ 20 higher,and the total glomalin of rhizosphere soil in inoculated plants was 0.2 ~ 0.6 mg / g higher than the control Inoculating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the ground of mining subsidence areas can improve the properties of rhizosphere,and is beneficial to vegetation recovery and stability. This paper has provided theoretical basis for the application and extension of microbial recovery technology.