神经病理性瘙痒的研究进展

The Research Progress of Itch and Neuropathic Itch

瘙痒的原因、形成机制、传导及分类是十分复杂的,根据瘙痒的不同起源及发生机制,人们将瘙痒分为5类。新的研究结果揭示瘙痒可由多种不同的神经通路共同发挥作用,有以组胺依赖性C类神经纤维和丘脑神经细胞独特生理功能支持的瘙痒通路,随后的研究发现与发痒藜豆相关的非组胺依赖性瘙痒的传导通路。在不同的瘙痒分类中,神经病理性瘙痒是临床常见的瘙痒类型,其产生的原因与神经纤维受损引发的感觉信号接收异常或受损神经产生的自发异常放射有关。通过对神经病理性瘙痒的原因、形成机制、传导及相关介质进行系统和深入的研究,有助于临床医师更加准确、有效地干预和控制令医患双方都十分困扰的瘙痒难题。本文重点介绍与神经病理性瘙痒相关的研究进展。

Purities is complex in the whole process such as etiology, formation mechanism, transmission and classification. At present,purities was classified into 5 categories,according to different origin and mechanism. The studies have constantly discovered that multiple neural pathways, including the physiological function of histamine-sensitive C-fibers and spin thalamic tract nervous, so called histamine dependent passway, and the later discovered pathway that was cowhage-induced, the way of histamine independent. Neuropathic itch was the most common type in clinically, and its causes were associated with abnormal sensory reception and abnormal automatic radiation of sensory information in nerve fibers. Those investigation on the causes, formation mechanism, transmission and mediators of neuropathic itch, could help physician to intervene and control the problem accurately and effectively which confusing both physican and patient. This article is focused on the current research situation about neuropathic itch.