不同电价决策模型对城市用电的影响研究:以哈尔滨市为例

The Influence of Different Decision- making Models of Electricity Price on Urban Electricity Resource: an Empirical Study based on Harbin

为了分析哈尔滨市居民用电和工业用电情况,分别用三种电价制定模型探析了哈尔滨市用电的影响因素。本文通过建立全成本定价模型、阶梯式电价模型和需求弹性模型对哈尔滨市居民生活用电和工业用电电价进行分析。研究结果表明,哈尔滨居民用电量受到了电价和人均可支配收入的影响,但是可支配收入是影响居民用电的主要因素;而哈尔滨市工业用电需求量主要是受到实际工业总产值的影响。哈尔滨现行的阶梯式电价方案,能有效促进居民节约用电;而随着哈尔滨市实际工业产值的快速增加,小幅度地提高工业用电电价并不能有效降低工业用电的需求量。

In order to analyze residents electricity utilization and industrial situation in Harbin,and the influence factors of the electricity in Harbin are analyzed respectively in three electricity pricing model.Through establishing full- cost pricing model,electricity rate structure model and elasticity of demand model,we analyze household electricity- consumption price and industrial electricity price of Harbin.The result shows that residents of Harbin power consumption are influenced by electricity price and the per capital disposable income,but the disposable income is the main factor affecting the residential electricity; while the Harbin industrial power demand is mainly affected by the actual gross value of industrial output. The current electricity rate structure model can promote the conservation of electricity. With the rapid increase of the actual industrial production in Harbin,a small increase in industrial electricity price and can't effectively reduce the demand for industrial.