施氮量对机插杂交籼稻干物质生产特性的影响

Effects of differrent nitrogen aplication amounts on dry matter characteristics of mechanized transplanted hybrid indica

以超级杂交稻准两优527和Q优6号为材料,研究4种不同施氮水平下机插杂交籼稻干物质生产特性。结果表明:随着施氮量的增加,机插杂交籼稻的最高茎蘖数、株高、最高苗数、叶面积指数均逐渐增大。在拔节期、孕穗期和抽穗期,随着施氮量的增加,茎鞘干物质的比例均有下降的趋势,而叶干物质的比例增加;成熟期的茎鞘干物质变化规律不明显,叶干物质的比例随施氮量的增加有增加的趋势,而穗则呈现相反趋势。随着施氮量的增加,有效穗数、每穗总粒数、产量均呈增加的趋势,千粒重、结实率均呈现先增后减的趋势。在本试验条件下,施氮量和产量之间呈抛物线关系,机插杂交籼稻的最佳施氮量为201.62 kg/hm^2,最高产量达8181.68 kg/hm^2。

Super hybrid rice Zhunliangyou 527 and Q you 6 were used to research the characteristics of dry matter of mechanized transplanted hybrid indica under 4 different N-fertilizer application rate. The results showed that with the application rate of fertilizer-N improved,the highest stem tillers number,the height,the maximum seedlings and the leaf area index increased gradually. At jointing stage,booting stage and heading stage,the stem/sheath ratio of dry decreased gradually with increment of nitrogen application amount,whereas ratio of leaf dry matter were increased. At maturity stage,the change law of stem/sheath ratio was not obvious,and the leaf area index increased with the application rate of fertilizer-N improved,whereas the spike dry matter ratio were just the opposite. With the application rate of fertilizer-N improved,the effective spikes,grains per spike and yield increased,and the grain weight,setting rate first increased,and then decreased. There is a parabolic relation between nitrogen application amount and yield under the tested condition,and the optimum nitrogen application amount and highest rice yield of mechanized transplanted hybrid indica are 201.62 kg/hm^2 and 8181.68 kg/hm^2 respectively.