需求依赖于价格和碳排放的两层供应链决策模型

Two-echelon Supply Chain Decision Model with Price-and-Carbon Emission Dependent Demand

随着消费者环保意识的增强,产品碳排放量对需求的影响愈发显著.基于价格和碳排放量灵敏需求,构造了一个由制造商和零售商组成的两层决策模型.模型中,上游制造商决策批发价格和产品碳排放水平,而下游零售商决策零售价格和订货批量.在分散和集中决策模式下,分别求解该模型并基于集中决策模式提出了协调契约,以实现两方利润的帕累托改善.最后,在实例数据下,发现在上述两种情形下,随着碳排放对需求影响的增大,上下游的决策都有明显的变化,并且验证了契约的有效性.

As consumers＇ environmental awareness is growing, the impact of carbon emission on the demand is increasingly apparent. Based on price-and-carbon-emission dependent demand, we construct a two-echelon decision model consists of a manufacturer and a retailer. In this model, the manufacturer decides the wholesale price and emissions per unit of output produced, while the retailer decides the retail price and order quantity. We solve the model under the centralized and decentralized scenarios and propose a coordination contract that can improve profits of both sides and realize the perfect coordination of both sides. Through numerical examples we find that as the impact of carbon emission on demand increases, the strategies of both the manufacturer and retailer change obviously, also we validate the effectiveness of the contract.